The Bajau's are skilled fishermen as well as good rice cultivators. They are also experts in rearing ponies and water buffaloes. Dubbed “The Cowboys of the East”, they are renowned for their horsemanship. Catch them every Sunday and on festive occasions at the picturesque Kota Belud “Tamu” when they deck up in their resplendent traditional costumes riding brightly decorated ponies.

The largest ethnic group, the Kadazans/Dusuns, make up about a third of the population. These are the prosperous agricultural rice producers of Sabah, although in recent times, many have found success in modern professions. They are well known for their unique customs that feature female priestesses called “bobohizan” presiding over still practiced ancient rituals.

The Muruts reside mainly in the hinterland where many still live in traditional communal longhouses. Once feared for their head hunting, the Muruts are great hunters with spears, blowpipes and poisoned darts. It is a rare treat to join one of their weddings, famous throughout the land for their elaborate displays of bride wealth dancing and feasting. Probably the most popular festival in Sabah is the “Pesta Ka'amatan”. This is a Harvest Festival of the Kadazans/Dusuns celebrated in May, featuring traditional dances including one of the high priestess bobohizan in search of rice spirits in a trance. Other festivals include Hari Raya, celebrated by the Muslim community and Chinese New Year celebrated by the Chinese.

The Rungus, a sub-group of the Kadazan/dusun, are Sabah’s most traditional people. Sharing many of their beliefs, rituals and festivals with the rest of the Kadazan/dusun. The Rungus nonetheless have a number of unique legends and practices, as well as distinctive costumes and architecture.  Many Rungus still work as agriculturists and wear a modified version of their traditional dress.